硬骨鱼类体细胞核移植的研究

本文用不同属、科、目的硬骨鱼类作材料进行体细胞核移植研究。鲫鱼（Ｃａｒａｓｓｉｕｓａｕｒａｔｕｓ）、鲮鱼（Ｃｉｒｒｈｉｎｕｓｍｏｌｉｔｏｒｅｌｌａ）和尼罗罗非鲫（Ｔｉｌａｐｉａｎｉｌｏｔｉｃａ）的体细胞核（头肾细胞）移植到鲤鱼（Ｃｙｐｒｉｎｕｓｃａｒｐｉｏ）的成熟去核卵中，通过继代核移植，在鲫鱼体细胞核和鲤鱼去核卵的属间组合中，获得发育到血液循环期的幼鱼；在鲮鱼体细胞核和鲤鱼去核卵的亚科间组合中，获得发育到心脏跳动期的晚期胚胎；在尼罗非鲫体细胞核和鲤鱼去枚卵的目间组合中，获得发育到肌肉效应期的胚胎。由于是直接用成鱼体细胞核作供核体进行核移植，因而能够克服供体鱼和受体鱼不同步产卵的困难。实验结果表明，这对进行硬骨鱼类核质杂交研究无疑是一种简便而又有效的方法。

STUDIES ON NUCLEAR TRANSPLANTATION OF SOMATIC CELLS IN TELEOST

Nuclei of kidney cells of telecost from different genuses, families and orders were used a materials for nuclear transplantation experiments. The somatic cell nuclei (kidney cell) of crucian (Carassius auratus), mud carp (Cirrhinus molitorella) and mouth breeder (Tilagh nilotica) were transplanted into the enucleated egg cytoplasm of carp (Cyprinus carpio). By means of the serial nuclear transplantation, a nucleocytoplasmic hybrid (NCH) embryo developing into blood circulation stage was obtained in intergenus combination (nucleus of crucian and enucleated egg cytoplasm of carp), a NCH embryo of heart beat stage was obtained in interfamily combination (nucleus of mud carp and enucleated egg cytoplasm of carp), and a NCH embryo of muscular contraction stage was obtained in inter-order combination (nucleus of mouth breeder and enucleated egg cytoplasm of carp). Since these nuclei were taken directly from the living somatic cells of several kinds of fish and then transplanted them into the enucleated eggs of other fish, it was unnecessary, for obtaining synchronization of spawing periods between the donor fish and the recipient fish. The results obtained in this experiment indicated that this method might be useful for making nucleocytoplasmic hybrids in telecost.