白鱼线粒体DNA控制区结构和种群遗传多样性分析

用特异性引物对白鱼（Anabarilius grahami）DNA进行PCR扩增，获得了白鱼线粒体DNA控制区基因全序列（930 bp）。控制区T、C、A和G碱基组成为29.8%、22.5%、33.0%和14.7%。对照其他已报道的鱼类控制区结构，对白鱼控制区结构进行了分析，识别了其终止序列区、中央保守区和保守序列区，找到了终止相关的序列TAS以及保守序列（CSB-F、CSB-D、CSB-1、CSB-2、CSB-3）。同时运用DNA分析软件对白鱼一个驯养种群（中国科学院昆明动物研究所珍稀鱼类繁育中心）及两个自然地理种群（江川县明星鱼洞、江川县牛摩村）进行了遗传多样性分析。结果显示：两个自然种群存在较强基因交流，未出现遗传分化；人工驯养种群遗传多样性最高，种群复壮程度较好。

Structure of the Mitochondrial DNA Control Region and Population Genetic Diversity Analysis of Anabarilius grahami (Regan)

The control region (D-loop) of Anabarilius grahami was amplified by PCR amplification with a pair of specific primers. The sequence with the complete nucleotide control region from A. grahami mitochondrial was cloned and directly sequenced. The length of this region (D-loop) contained 930 bp nucleotides and the T, C, A and G contents were 29.8%, 22.5%, 33.0% and 14.7% respectively. The mtDNA control region of A. grahami could be partitioned into three domains, namely, the termination associated sequence domain, the central conserved sequence domain and the conserved sequence block domain. The extended termination associated sequence (ETAS), two conserved blocks (CSB-F, CSB-D) in the central conserved sequence block domain and three conserved sequence blocks (CSB1, CSB2, CSB3) in the conserved sequence block domain were successfully identified and their homology compared with other fish. The genetic diversity analysis of A. grahami from the Endangered Fish Breeding Center (EFBC) of the Kunming Institute of Zoology (KIZ), Mingxing Fish Cave (Jiangchuan), Niumo Village (Jiangchuan) was analyzed. The result indicated a very low genetic divergence between two natural populations, and the genetic diversity of the population from EFBC was much higher; they had recovered better than others.