引诱白蚁的食用菌腐朽物的筛选

作者在实验室内用6种白蚁:栖北网(尉虫)Reticulitermes speratus(Kolbe)、黄胸网(尉虫)R.flaviceps(Osh-ima)、圆唇网(尉虫)R.labralis Hsia et Fan、尖唇网(尉虫)R.aculabialis Tsai et Huang、普见乳(尉虫)Coptoter-mes communis Hsia et He和囟土(尉虫)Odontotermes fontanellus Kemner对5种真菌的腐朽木屑进行了单纯选择和复合选择的生测试验。这5种真菌,一种是木腐菌,即密粘褶菌Gloeophyllum trabeum(Pers.ex Fr.)Murr.,另外4种均为腐木性粮用真菌:银耳Tremella fueiformis、黑木耳Auricularia auricula、猴头菌Hericium erinaceus和香菇Lentinus edodes。生测结果表明上述4种木腐性食用真菌中除猴头菌对白蚁引诱力极微外,其余3种和密粘褶菌对供试的多种白蚊均具有引诱力。其中以银耳腐木屑的引诱力最强而持久,黑木耳次之,密粘褶菌、香菇又次之。有关银耳和黑木耳腐朽木屑中对白蚁具引诱力的活性物质的化学成份和结构尚需进一步研究。

SCREENING SELECTED DECAYED WOODFLOURS BY SOME EDIBLE-FUNGI FOR THE ATTRACTION TO TERMITES

The experiments oi the bio-determinations for the simple and the complex selecting were carried out with six species of termites to the sawdust decayed by five species of fungi. These termites are Reticulitermes speratus (Kolbe), R. flaviceps (Oshima), R. labralis Hsia et Fan, R. aculabialis Tsai et Huang, Coptotermes communis Xsia et He and Odontotermes fontanellus Kemner. One of the five fungi is a wood-decayed fungus, Gloeophyllum trabeum (Pers. ex Fr.) Murr. Lenzites trabea (Pers. ex Fr.) Fr. ]. Other are wood-decayed edible-fungi : Tremella fueiformis Berk, Auricularia auricula (L. ex Hook.) Underw., Hericium erinaceus (Bull.) Pers. and Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing. The results of the bio-determinations have been indicated that three species of edible-fungi (T. fueiformis, A. auricula, and L. edodes) and G. trabeum have some attraction to termites, with the exception that H. erinaceus has little attraction to termites, of which, the attraction of sawdust decayed by T. fueiformis is the strongest and longest followed in order by A. auricula, G. trabeum, and L. edodes. The chemical compositions and the construction of the acting substances which have attraction to termites in the sawdust decayed by T. fueiformis and A, auricula are neccessary to be further studies