黑河林区驼鹿冬季食性研究

1987—1988年在黑龙江省黑河林区,应用粪便显微组织学分析技术,结合野外啃食调查,对驼鹿冬季食物组成、食物选择性和利用率进行了研究。结果表明,冬季驼鹿共采食31种(属)植物,其中柳、榛、桦、红松、杨和紫椴是主要的冬季食物(19.9％、18.0％、16.7％、14.9％、7.3％和6.7％)。驼鹿对杨、柳、红松和紫椴有正选择性,对榛、桦和毛赤杨有负选择性。选择性的强弱顺序为:杨>柳>红松>紫椴>榛>桦>毛赤杨。驼鹿对柳的选用率最高(32.1％),对桦的利用率最低(12.1％)。

WINTER FOOD-HABITS OF MOOSE IN HEIHE

Winter diet composition, selectivity and percentage of utilization of moose (Alces alces) was studied with the microhistological analysis technique of feces in combination with field browse surveys from 1987-1988 in Heihe. Results showed that 31 species (genera) of plants were used in winter; Salix spp., Corylus spp., Betula spp., Pinus koraiensis, Populus davidiana and Tilia amurensis were staples. The percentages of these items in diet were 19.9%, 18.0%, 16.7%, 14.9%, 7.3% and 6.7% respectively. Moose had positive selectivities for Populus davidiana, Salix spp., Pinns koraiensis and Tilia amurensis, and negative seleclivities lor Cory Ins spp., Betnla spp. and Alnus sibirica. They were arranged in order of preference as follows. Populus davidiana>Sulix spp,.>Pinuis koraiensis>Tilia amurensis> Corylus spp.>Betula spp. >Alnus sibirica. The percentage ot utilization for Salix spp. was the highest. (32.1%) and for Betula spp. was the lowest (12.1%) .