Psychrotolerant bacteria isolated from the leaf apoplast of cold-adapted wild plants improve the cold resistance of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under low temperature |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biology Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;2. ?iran Mustafa Beyaz Vocational High School, Gümü?hane University, Gümü?hane, Turkey;1. Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil;2. Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Center of Natural Science, UFPI, Teresina, PI, Brazil;3. Plant Science Department, Agricultural Science Center, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil;4. Laboratory of Soil Quality, Center of Agricultural Science, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil;1. College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;2. School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China;1. School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea;2. UoN Chair of Oman''s Medicinal Plants & Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, 616 Nizwa, Oman;3. Department of Agriculture Extension, Buner 19290, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan;4. School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea;5. Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan;6. Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea;7. Dept. of Agricultural Civil Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, India;2. DRDO ? Bharathiar University ? Centre for Life Sciences, Coimbatore, 641046, India;3. Centre for Functional Ecology - Science for People & the Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal |
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| Abstract: | We have isolated psychrotolerant bacteria from the leaf apoplast of cold-adapted wild plants and aimed to investigate their effect on the cold resistance of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Based on the findings of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, 20 isolates belonging to 5 bacteria species (Pseudomonas fragi, P. chloropaphis, P. fluorescens, P. proteolytica and Brevibacterium frigoritolerans) were identified in the leaf apoplastic fluid of Draba nemorosa, Galanthus gracilis, Colchicum speciousum, Scilla siberica, Erodium cicutarium, respectively. We have determined that 6 of the 20 isolates have exhibited ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate) deaminase activity and secreted different extracellular proteins under cold condition (+4 °C) compared to normal growth condition (28 °C). The six isolates were then inoculated independently of each other to the leaves of 10-day-old bean seedlings growing under normal conditions (25/22 °C, 16/8 h photoperiod), and the inoculated and uninoculated (control) seedlings were transferred to cold (9/5 °C, 16/8 h photoperiod) for 3 days. The bacterial inoculations have decreased freezing injury, ice nucleating activity and lipid peroxidation content in parallel with the decrease of reactive oxygen species level such as O2.- and H2O2 in the inoculated seedlings compared to the control. In addition, the inoculations of the isolates have stimulated the activity of apoplastic antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. The results show that the inoculations improve the cold resistance of bean seedlings and the psychrotolerant bacterial isolates can be evaluated within the group of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) which can increase tolerance of cold-sensitive crops. |
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| Keywords: | ACC deaminase Apoplast Antioxidant Bacteria Bean Cold stress Psychrotolerant ROS |
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