细菌肽转运蛋白的研究进展

细菌的肽转运蛋白包括3种,寡肽转运蛋白(Oligopeptide permease,Opp)、二肽转运蛋白(Dipeptide permease,Dpp)和二/三肽转运蛋白(Di-and tripeptide permease,Dtp)。Opp和Dpp属于ABC型超家族(ATP-binding cassette superfamily)转运蛋白,利用ATP水解产生的能量实现底物转运。对Opp和Dpp研究最多的是胞外肽结合蛋白OppA和DppA,它们起着最初识别与结合底物的重要作用。Dtp属于主要协助转运蛋白超家族(Major facilitator superfamily,MFS),与质子进行底物共转运。细菌肽转运蛋白的晶体结构解析结合大量的生化数据分析,使得人们对其转运机制有了深入的了解。本文对这三种肽转运蛋白的研究进展分别进行综述。

Advances in bacterial peptide transporters

Peptides are transported into cells by peptide transporters, which are grouped into three types of oligopeptide transporters (Opp), dipeptide transporters (Dpp) and di- and tripeptide transporters (Dtp) in bacteria. Opp and Dpp belong to ABC-type superfamily and utilize the energy from ATP hydrolysis to promote peptide translocation. The most well-studied peptide binding subunits in Opp and Dpp are extracellular peptide-binding proteins OppA and DppA respectively, which recognize and bind substrates. Dtp are proton-driven symporters, belonging to major facilitator superfamily (MFS) superfamily. The elucidation of crystal structures combined with biochemical investigations of bacterial peptide transporters offers us a better understanding of their transport mechanism. This review summarizes the advances in the three types of bacterial peptide transporters.