野生蓝莓和花青素提取物对高脂饮食小鼠肠道菌群的影响

【目的】研究野生蓝莓和花青素提取物对高脂饮食小鼠肠道菌群的影响。【方法】采用高脂饲料喂养C57BL/6小鼠,同时膳食补充野生蓝莓或花青素提取物,将25只无菌小鼠分为5组:正常对照组(Normal chow diet,NCD),普通饲料+10 g/100 g蓝莓组(NCD+BB),高脂饲料组(High-fat diet,HFD),高脂饲料+10 g/100 g蓝莓组(HFD+BB),高脂饲料+20 mg/100 g花青素组(HFD+ACN),饲养10周,每周对其食物摄入量、能量摄入量以及体重进行测定,并运用DGGE方法对小鼠肠道菌群结构变化进行动态监测。【结果】各实验组食物摄入量无显著性差异,HFD+BB组和HFD+ACN组能量摄入量均明显高于NCD+BB组。虽然HFD+BB组体重增加最为明显,但10周末时HFD+BB组体重与其他各组无显著差异。随着实验的进行,HFD组、HFD+BB组和HFD+ACN组肠道微生物多样性发生明显变化。HFD+BB组与NCD组菌群差异最大,HFD+ACN组与NCD组肠道菌群DGGE图谱相似性系数明显高于HFD组,对优势条带测序结果显示膳食补充蓝莓或花青素提取物可明显降低肥胖相关细菌Firmicutes的数量。【结论】蓝莓和花青素提取物可改善由高脂饮食引起的肠道微生态失调,调节肠道菌群结构,具有潜在的减肥消脂功能。

Influence of dietary wild blueberry and anthocyanins extract on intestinal microorganisms in high-fat diet-induced mice

Objective] The influence of wild blueberry and anthocyanins extract on gut microbiota of high-fat diet-induced C57BL/6 mice was investigated. Methods] The C57BL/6 mice were fed with high-fat diet and supplemented with blueberry or anthocyanins extract. Twenty-five germ-free mice were divided into five groups: normal chow diet (NCD), NCD+10 g/100 g blueberry (NCD+BB), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD+10 g/100 g blueberry (HFD+BB), HFD+20 mg/100 g anthocyanin (HFD+ACN). During the ten weeks, food intake, caloric intake and body weight were measured weekly, and dynamic changes of intestinal flora were monitored by DGGE. Results] There was no significant difference in food intake among these five groups. Average caloric intake was higher in mice fed HFD+BB and HFD+ACN diets compared to the NCD+BB diets. Although body weight gain of mice fed with HFD+BB increased most obviously, no significant difference in body weight was observed between the groups at 10 weeks. As the research went on, the diversity of intestinal microorganisms in HFD group, HFD+BB group and HFD+ACN group changed dramatically. The similarity coefficients of PCR-DGGE profile in intestinal flora between HFD+BB group and NCD group was lowest. however, as for HFD+ACN group and NCD group, the value is higher compared with HFD group and NCD group. The sequencing results of the dominant bands revealed that dietary supplemented with blueberry or anthocyanins extract can significantly reduce the number of obesity-associated Firmicutes. Conclusion] Wild blueberry and anthocyanins extract can modify the structure of the intestinal microbiota, simultaneously protect against imbalanced intestinal microorganisms of the high-fat diet-induced mice, and ameliorate obesity and attenuate lipid accumulation potentially.