利用PCR-DGGE未培养技术对中国白酒高温和中温大曲细菌群落结构的分析

采用聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)技术,研究了5种高温和中温白酒大曲细菌群落结构,通过优势条带切胶鉴定确定了大曲中优势细菌种属信息。结果表明,Weissella cibaria、Lactobacillus helveticus、L.fermentum、L.panis等乳酸菌普遍存在于5种大曲中,Ther-moactinomyces sanguinis仅存在于高温曲酱曲中,同时DGGE检测到了传统方法未能分离鉴定的Staphylococcus xylosus、Klebsiella oxytoca。不同工艺大曲细菌群落结构存在明显差异,随着制曲温度的升高,大曲细菌多样性指数有下降趋势。PCR-DGGE技术是一种能够快速有效地研究白酒大曲细菌群落结构的技术。

PCR-DGGE Analysis of the Bacterial Community of Chinese Liquor High and Medium Temperature Daqu

The bacterial community structure of 5 high and medium temperature Chinese liquor Daqu were investigated using PCR-DGGE (Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) as a culture-independent method. DNA sequencing was proceeded to obtain the dominant bacterial population information. The result of DGGE profile showed that Weissella cibaria, Lactobacillus helveticus, L. fermentum and L. panis were commonly detected in all the five Daqu. Thermoactinomyces sanguinis was detected only in the Jiangqu sample. Compared with culture-dependent method, DGGE was able to detect Staphylococcus xylosus and Klebsiella oxytoca. The correlation between the craftwork of Daqu and the bacterial community structure was obvious. The Daqu bacterial Shannon-Wiener index decreased as the craftwork temperature of Daqu increasing. PCR-DGGE was proved to be a powerful tool for gaining detailed insight into the bacterial diversity of the Chinese liquor Daqu.