奇异变形杆菌中基因岛介导的多重耐药传播研究进展

奇异变形杆菌是导致医院内感染的重要条件致病菌,广泛分布于自然环境及人和动物的肠道中。基因岛是细菌染色体上约10-200 kb独立的DNA片段,能促进宿主细菌适应复杂多变的环境,与细菌适应性进化密切相关。近年来在奇异变形杆菌基因组中发现了多个与多重耐药密切相关的基因岛,包括沙门菌基因岛1及其相关基因岛、SXT/R391整合性接合元件、PmGRI1等,表明基因岛在奇异变形杆菌多重耐药形成和传播中具有重要作用。本文对奇异变形杆菌中与耐药相关基因岛的结构特征、传播机制、流行情况等进行综述,以期为奇异变形杆菌中多重耐药相关基因岛的深入研究提供参考。

Research progress in transmission of multidrug resistance mediated by genomic islands in Proteus mirabilis

Proteus mirabilis is an important opportunistic pathogen causing nosocomial infection,and is widely distributed in the natural environment and intestines of humans and animals.Genomic islands(GIs)are 10-200 kb discrete DNA segments located on the chromosome of bacteria,which promote their host bacteria adapting to the complex and varied environment and are closely related with the adaptive evolution of bacteria.In recent years,several GIs associated with multidrug resistance(MDR)have been found in the genome of P.mirabilis,including Salmonella genomic island 1 and its related GIs,SXT/R391 integrative and conjugative elements and PmGRI1,indicating that GIs play important roles in the MDR formation and transmission in P.mirabilis.In this paper we review the research progress in the genetic characteristics,transmission mechanisms and prevalence of those GIs,which provides reference for further study of the GIs associated with MDR in P.mirabilis.