影响灵芝三萜类物质液态发酵合成的关键因素研究进展

灵芝是我国名贵的食药两用型菌类，具有广泛的药用价值，其三萜类物质为灵芝中最主要的药理活性物质之一。灵芝液态发酵因具有生长周期短、环境条件可控、目标产物质量稳定及易实现规模化制备等特点而成为获得灵芝三萜类物质最有前景的方式。灵芝三萜代谢途径、发酵工艺及参数、溶解氧控制等是影响灵芝三萜类物质液态发酵合成的关键因素。本文总结了灵芝三萜生物合成的代谢途径和相关的酶(基因)、液态发酵方式和发酵参数调节的溶解氧控制这3个层面对灵芝三萜类物质生物合成的影响，并对今后的研究方向进行了展望，为液态培养灵芝三萜类物质调控及高产提供参考，也为下一步研究提供借鉴。

Identification of key factors affecting liquid fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum for triterpenes: a review

Triterpenes, a major group of key components in the medicinal and edible Ganoderma lucidum in China, have crucial pharmacological activities. Liquid fermentation is the most promising way to produce the triterpenes as this method enables short growth cycle, has controllable environmental conditions, yields target products of stable quality, and is suitable for large-scale production. The metabolic pathway of triterpenes, fermentation process parameters, and dissolved oxygen are the key to the liquid fermentation of G. lucidum for triterpenes. In this study, we summarized the effect of metabolic pathways for triterpene biosynthesis and the related enzymes (genes), liquid fermentation process, and dissolved oxygen control regulated fermentation parameters on the biosynthesis of triterpenes, as well as the future research directions, hoping to serve as a reference for the regulation and high-yield production of triterpenes by submerged liquid fermentation.