大连湾原油降解菌的分离和多样性分析

目的]研究大连湾原油污染海域可培养原油降解菌的多样性,并获得新的原油降解菌.方法]通过大连湾海水、海泥和海绵样品采集,以原油作为唯一碳源,培养、富集、分离筛选原油降解菌,根据16S rRNA基因序列确定其系统进化地位.结果]通过形态观察和16S rRNA基因分析,共获得22个属的50株菌.其中,有6株菌的16S rRNA序列与最相近的菌株序列一致性仅为95％-97％,可能是潜在的新菌.单菌实验表明,45株菌具有石油降解能力.结论]揭示了大连湾可培养原油降解菌的多样性,并获得了新的原油降解菌,为海洋石油污染的生物治理提供新资源.

Isolation and diversity of crude oil-degrading bacteria from Dalian Bay

Objective] In order to investigate the diversity of crude oil-degrading bacteria in the seawater, mud and sponge samples from Dalian Bay, and obtain new oil-degrading bacteria. Methods] Crude oil was used as sole carbon source to enrich and isolate the potential oil-degrading bacteria from samples of seawater, mud or sponge. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted by 16S rRNA gene sequences of the bacteria. Results] After screening via morphological and 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis 50 strains belonging to 22 genera were obtained. Among them, 6 strains shared 16S rRNA gene sequence identities of 95%?97% with the most similar strains, were speculated new species. Further experiments revealed oil-degrading capability of 45 strains. Conclusion] This study demonstrated a high diversity of the cultivable oil-degrading bacteria in Dalian Bay, and obtained new resources in bioremediation of marine oil pollution.