噬菌体及其裂解酶对细菌生物被膜作用的研究进展

细菌形成的生物被膜，可保护细菌不易被抗生素杀死，这给临床上相应疾病的治疗及医疗器械的消毒带来极大困难。研究表明，噬菌体及其裂解酶对生物被膜有降解作用。噬菌体能清除细菌在有生物活性或无生物活性的介质表面形成的生物被膜。此外，噬菌体裂解酶比如LySMP、肽酶CHAPk、细胞壁溶解酶CWHs等能清除特定的生物被膜，这可能与裂解酶直接溶菌和裂解细菌细胞外基质有关。同时，与抗生素、钴离子、氯等物质联合使用时，噬菌体对生物被膜的清除作用会更强。本文从噬菌体、噬菌体编码的裂解酶、以及它们联合其他物质对细菌生物被膜的作用进行综述，并对其实际应用做了展望。

Research progress in biofilm degradation by bacteriophage and its lysin

The biofilms formed by bacteria can protect them from antibiotics, it also can bring difficulties for the treatment of infectious diseases and the sterilization of clinical machines. Recent research progress showed that bacteriophages and their lysins are potential use for eradication of biofilm, which is of great significance in control of various infectious diseases clinically. Bacteriophages can eradicate abiotic biofilms as well as zoetic ones. The degradation of biofilms caused by lysins such as LySMP, CHAPk and CWHs is probably associated with their activity of direct bacteriolysis and extracellular matrix degradation. In addition, the combined use of antibiotics, cobalt ion or chlorine with bacteriophage may have a better effect to biofilms. The review discussed the action of bacteriophages, their lysins and combination with other materials to eliminate biofilms and we hope they can be used clinically in the future.