微生物固体培养基凝固剂研究进展

明胶是最早使用的固体培养基凝固剂，已逐渐被琼脂所代替。琼脂由于形成凝胶后透明度高、保水性好、无毒、不被微生物液化等优点，逐渐成为最常用的凝胶剂。后来，又发现无机硅胶、瓜尔胶、卡拉胶在某些情况下可用作凝固剂。近年来，兴起一种基于微生物快速检测的快速测试片，其所用凝固剂发展到黄原胶、刺槐豆角、聚丙烯酸系等。但新型凝固剂在使用过程中仍存在许多弊端，因此，从吸水和保水的机理出发对其研究和改性是一项重要的任务。

Review of the Gelling Agents for Solid Microbial Media

Gelatin was the first one used as gelling agent for solid media, and then replaced by the agar. Agar gel was clear, good-absorbable, non-toxic and unused by microoguisms, so it became the most popular gel. Afterward, people found the silica gel, guar gum and carrageenan also could be used in some situation. Recently, an express detection slip came out for microbe detection. Its gelling agents were Xanthan gum, Locust bean gum and PAA etc. But there were many disadvantages when used. So it was an important work for us to research and modify them according to the mechanism of absorbing and obtaining water.