In vitro culture increases mechanical stability of human tissue engineered cartilage constructs by prevention of microscale scaffold buckling |
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| Institution: | 1. Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States;2. Histogenics Corporation, Waltham, MA, United States;3. Department of Applied Engineering and Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States;4. Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States;5. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States;1. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States;2. University of Connecticut, Storrs-Mansfield, CT, United States;1. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States;2. Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A, Abano Terme, Italy;3. Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain and Spine Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States;4. Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States;1. Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA;2. Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA;3. Research Division, Fidia Farmaceutici SpA, Padua, Italy;4. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 149 Weill Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA;1. Department of Physics and Center for Biomedical Research, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA;2. Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4N1;3. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA;2. Human Movement Biomechanics Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;3. Biomedical MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;4. Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA;6. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA;5. Biomechanics Section, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium |
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| Abstract: | Many studies have measured the global compressive properties of tissue engineered (TE) cartilage grown on porous scaffolds. Such scaffolds are known to exhibit strain softening due to local buckling under loading. As matrix is deposited onto these scaffolds, the global compressive properties increase. However the relationship between the amount and distribution of matrix in the scaffold and local buckling is unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we studied how local strain and construct buckling in human TE constructs changes over culture times and GAG content. Confocal elastography techniques and digital image correlation (DIC) were used to measure and record buckling modes and local strains. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to quantify construct buckling. The results from the ROC analysis were placed into Kaplan-Meier survival function curves to establish the probability that any point in a construct buckled. These analysis techniques revealed the presence of buckling at early time points, but bending at later time points. An inverse correlation was observed between the probability of buckling and the total GAG content of each construct. This data suggests that increased GAG content prevents the onset of construct buckling and improves the microscale compressive tissue properties. This increase in GAG deposition leads to enhanced global compressive properties by prevention of microscale buckling. |
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| Keywords: | Cartilage repair Microscale mechanics Compression Buckling Tissue engineering |
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