A biomechanical study of the relationship between running velocity and three-dimensional lumbosacral kinetics |
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| Institution: | 1. Faculty of Sports Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan;2. Department of Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;3. Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan;1. Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California, U.S.A.;2. Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research & Education (SCORE), Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California, U.S.A.;1. Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, China;2. Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China;3. School of Sport, Health and Wellbeing, Plymouth Marjon University, Derriford, Plymouth, United Kingdom;4. School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Australia;1. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan;2. Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan;1. Department of Physical Therapy, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawarah, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA;1. Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK;2. Athletics Biomechanics, Leeds, UK;3. School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester, UK;4. Athletics Sector, School of Physical Education & Sport Science, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece;5. European School of Physiotherapy, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;6. Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK;7. Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK;8. International Relations & Development Department, World Athletics, Monaco;9. Athlétisme Metz Métropole, Metz, France;1. Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami, Ibaraki, Japan;2. Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan;3. Faculty of Sport Sciences, Nippon Sport Science University, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Faster running is not performed with proportional increase in all joint torque/work exertions. Although previous studies have investigated lumbopelvic kinetics for a single velocity, it is unclear whether each lumbopelvic torque should increase for faster running. We examined the relationship between running velocity and lumbopelvic kinetics. We calculated the three-dimensional lumbosacral kinetics of 10 male sprinters during steady-state running on a temporary indoor running track at five target velocities: 3.0 (3.20 ± 0.16), 4.5 (4.38 ± 0.18), 6.0 (5.69 ± 0.47), 7.5 (7.30 ± 0.41), and maximal sprinting (9.27 ± 0.36 m/s). The lumbosacral axial rotation torque increased more markedly (from 0.37 ± 0.06 to 1.99 ± 0.46 Nm/kg) than the extension and lateral flexion torques. The increase in the axial rotation torque was larger above 7.30 m/s. Conversely, the extension and lateral flexion torques plateaued when running velocity increased above 7.30 m/s. Similar results were observed for mechanical work. The results indicate that faster running required larger lumbosacral axial rotation torque. Conversely, the extension and lateral flexion torques were relatively invariant to running velocity above 7 m/s, implying that faster running below 7 m/s might increase the biomechanical loads causing excessive pelvic posterior tilt and excessive pelvic drop which has the potential to cause pain/injury related to lumbopelvic extensors and lateral flexors, whereas these biomechanical loads might not relate with running velocity above 7 m/s. |
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| Keywords: | Inverse dynamics Three-dimensional analysis Lumbopelvic region Gait analysis |
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