Recovering from Laboratory-Induced slips and trips causes high levels of lumbar muscle activity and spine loading |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA;2. Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;3. Product Operations Department at Samsung, Austin, TX 78754, USA;4. Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA;5. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;6. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;7. Subject Matter Team in the Worldwide Design & Engineering at Amazon, Seattle, WA 98170, USA;1. Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, United States;2. Weight Training Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil;3. Department of Physical Education, State University of Minas Gerais, Divinópolis, Brazil;4. Department of Physical Education, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;1. RECOVER Injury Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Australia;2. School of Health and Rehabilitation Science, The University of Queensland, Australia;3. School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Australia;4. School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia;5. Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia;1. Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA;2. Liberating Technologies, Inc., Holliston, MA, USA;1. Department of Neurobiology, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poland;2. Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poland;1. Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada;2. Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada;1. Programa de Engenharia Biomédica (COPPE), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;2. Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK;3. Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy;4. Laboratorio di Ingegneria del Sistema Neuromuscolare (LISiN), Politecnico di Torino, Torino, TO, Italy;5. PolitoBIOMed Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Slips, trips, and falls are some of the most substantial and prevalent causes of occupational injuries and fatalities, and these events may contribute to low-back problems. We quantified lumbar kinematics (i.e., lumbar angles relative to pelvis) and kinetics during unexpected slip and trip perturbations, and during normal walking, among 12 participants (6F, 6 M). Individual anthropometry, lumbar muscle geometry, and lumbar angles, along with electromyography from 14 lumbar muscles were used as input to a 3D, dynamic, EMG-based model of the lumbar spine. Results indicated that, in comparison with values during normal walking, lumbar range of motion, lumbosacral (L5/S1) loads, and lumbar muscle activations were all significantly higher during the slip and trip events. Maximum L5/S1 compression forces exceeded 2700 N during slip and trip events, compared with ～ 1100 N during normal walking. Mean values of L5/S1 anteroposterior (930 N), and lateral (800 N) shear forces were also substantially larger than the shear force during the normal walking (230 N). These observed levels of L5/S1 reaction forces, along with high levels of bilateral lumbar muscle activities, suggest the potential for overexertion injuries and tissue damage during unexpected slip and trip events, which could contribute to low back injuries. Outcomes of this study may facilitate the identification and control of specific mechanisms involved with low back disorders consequent to slips or trips. |
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| Keywords: | Gait perturbation Spine loading Kinematics Kinetics Muscle activity |
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