薏苡胚发育及贮藏营养物质积累的研究

薏苡（Ｃｏｉｘ ｌａｃｒｙｍ ａ－ｊｏｂｉ）胚发育分下列各期：棒形胚前的原胚期、棒形胚期、胚芽鞘期、１叶期、２ 叶期、３叶期、４ 叶期、５ 叶期及６叶期成熟胚。３ 叶期胚具１ 条不定根（种子根），４ 叶期具２ 条，５ 叶期及成熟胚期具３ 条。不定根与胚根排成１ 纵行。营养物质最先在盾片细胞中积累。开花后９ 天的１ 叶期胚，在盾片、胚芽鞘及胚轴细胞中积累了淀粉，以后遍及成熟胚的各部分。淀粉粒含量与器官发生及生长顺序成正相关，但发育后期，盾片细胞内的淀粉粒含量下降。开花后１０ 天，盾片细胞中形成含晶体的蛋白质体，晶体含蛋白质及植酸钙镁。以后，这种蛋白质体增多、增大。同时，又形成不含晶体的蛋白质体。一定时期，含晶体的蛋白质体消失，不含晶体的蛋白质体增多，直到胚成熟。开花后１３ 天，胚芽鞘上部细胞形成蛋白质体。以后遍及成熟胚的各部分，器官发生越早，所含蛋白质体越多、越大。开花后１０ 天，盾片细胞中产生了脂体，成熟胚的盾片细胞，含有大量的脂体。还观察了胚发育各期与颖果及盾片长度的对应关系

STUDIES ON EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT AND DEPOSITION OF STORAGE RESERVES IN COIX LACRYMA JOBI

Embryo development in Coix lacryma jobi is classified into the following stages: proembryo before club shaped, club shaped, coleoptilar, 1 leafed, 2 leafed, 3 leafed, 4 leafed, 5 leafed and 6 leafed (mature embryo). The 3 ,4 ,5 leafed embryos have 1,2 and 3 adventitious roots (seminal roots) respectively, and the matrue also has 3. These seminal roots are arranged in a longitudinal row parallelling with the radicle. The storage reserves first deposit in the scutellar cells. 9 days after anthesis (1 leafed stage), the starch grains are accumulated in cells of scutellum, coleoptile and mesocotyle. When the embryo matures, starch grains are deposited throughout its cells. The increase in size and amount of starch grains correlates with the initiation and growth order of the embryonic organs. But the amount in the scutellar cells decreases from later to mature stage. 10 days after anthesis (2 leafed stage), protein bodies containing crystals, of protein and phytin are present in the scutellar cells.They subsequently become larger and abundant druses.At the same time some protein bodies without crystals are also formed. Later, the protein bodies containing crystals disappear, while those without crystals increase until the embryo matures. 13 days after anthesis (3 leafed stage) protein bodies are formed in the upper coleoptile cells. Protein bodies are rich in the cells of mature embryo, but the earlier the organ of embryo occurs, the more and the larger protein bodies it contains. 10 days after anthesis, lipid bodies appear in the scutellar cells and increase in size and quantity rapidly as the embryo develops. The correlation of the length of caryopsis and scutellum with embryo development is also observed.