北京山区典型暖温带落叶阔叶林大气CO_2浓度、草本层光合作用及土壤释放CO_2变化特点(英文)

为探讨森林生态系统植被、土壤等不同组分与大气CO_2交换特点,利用中型同化箱(40cm×40cm×2Ocm)及红外CO_2分析仪装置对北京山区典型暖温带森林生态系统辽东栎(Quercus liaotungensisKoidz.)林草本层净光合作用、土壤释放CO_2及林外(高出林冠2m)与林内(低于林冠2m)大气CO_2变化进行测定。结果表明:夏季及秋季大气CO_2浓度分别为(323±10)μmol·mol~(-1)和(330±1)μmol·mol~(-1);在一天内连续24h的测定中,大气与林内CO_2浓度的差值最大时可分别达-46和-61μmol·mol~(-1)。夏季草本层净光合强度为(2.59±1.05)μmol CO_2·m~(-2)·s~(-1),是秋季((1.31±0.39)μmol CO_2·m~(-2)·s~(-1))的2倍;夏季土壤呼吸释放CO_2的强度明显高于秋季,分别为(5.18±0.75)μmol CO_2·m~(-2)·s~(-1)和(1.96±0.57)μmol CO_2·m~(-2)·s~(-1)。土壤释放CO_2强度与地面温度之间存在显著相关,其关系式为Y=-0.8642 0.3101X(r=0.7164,P<0.001,n=117)。大气CO_2浓度的低值及草本层光合强度高值约出现在14:00左右;而在夜间土壤释放CO_2强度增加,表现为大气CO_2浓度升高。

CHANGES OF ATMOSPHERIC CO_2, PHOTOSYNTHESIS OF THE GRASS LAYER AND SOIL CO_2 EVOLUTION IN A TYPICAL TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST STAND IN THE MOUNTAINOUS AREAS OF BEIJING

Middle-sized chambers (40cmx40cmx20 cm) and an infrared gas analyzer (IRGA) were used for the measurement of net photosynthesis of the grass layer and soil CO2 evolution, in Quercus liaotungensis Koidz. forest, which is a typical temperate forest ecosystem in the mountainous areas of Beijing. Changes of CO2 concentrations in both the atmosphere (2m above canopy) and the forest canopy (2m below the top of the canopy) together with those of net photosynthesis and soil CO2 evolution were also examined, in order to find the characteristics of CO2 exchange between the different components of the temperate forest ecosystem and the atmosphere. Atmospheric CO2 averaged (323 10) and (330 1) mol mol-1 respectively in summer and autumn. During the 24-hour measurements, large differences as much as -46 and -61 mol mol-1 respectively in the atmosphere and forest were found. Net photosynthesis of the grass layer in summer was (2. 59 9 1.05) mol CO2 m-2 S-1, two times of that in autumn, (1.31 0.39) mol CO2 s-1 In summer, there was much more CO2 evolved from soil than in autumn, averaging (5.18 0.75) mol CO2 m-2 s-1 and (1.96 0.57) (mol CO2 m-2 s-1, respectively. A significant correlation was found between soil CO2 evolution and ground temperature, with F =-0.864 2 0.310 1X,r=0.7164, P<0.001 (n=117). Both the minimal atmospheric CO2 level and the maximum net photosynthesis occurred around 14:00; and an increase in atmospheric CO2 and of soil CO2 evolution during night times were also found to be remarkable.