杜仲次生木质部细胞分化和脱分化过程中ATPase的超微细胞化学定位

采用磷酸铅沉淀技术，对杜仲（Ｅｕｃｏｍｍｉａ ｕｌｍｏｉｄｅｓ Ｏｌｉｖ．）次生木质部细胞分和脱化过程进行了ＡＴＰａｓｅ的超微细胞化学定位。随着分化过程中细胞程序性死亡（ｐｒｏｇｒａｍｍｅｄ ｃｅｌｌ ｄｅａｔｈ，ＰＣＤ）程度的加深，ＡＴＰａｓｅ在细胞核上的分布由少变多，而在各种细胞器上的分布由有到无，并且随着细胞质的解体，ＡＴＰａｓｅ在细胞壁内侧和纹孔处的分布也由少到多，说明它们的变化是由核基因

Ultracytochemical Localization of ATPase During the Secondary Xylem Differentiation and Dedifferentiation in Eucommia ulmoides Trunk

The ultracytochemical localization of ATPase in the secondary xylem cells during their differentiation and dedifferentiation in the girdled Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. was carried out using a lead phosphate precipitation technique. Throughout the differentiation, which is a typical programmed cell death (PCD) process, ATPase deposits increased in the nucleus but decreased and progressively disappeared in the cell organelles. At the same time, the distribution of ATPase increased in the inner face of the cell wall and pits with cytoplasmic degeneration. The results demonstrated that the PCD was an energy dependent active process and was controlled by nuclear genes. On the other hand, the distribution of ATPase in the intercellular spaces increased with the formation of the new cambium resulted from the dedifferentiation of the secondary xylem cells after girdling. However, ATPase was not found in the nucleus of the dividing cells, suggesting that nutrients were transported through protoplast during differentiation, and through both protoplast and apoplast during dedifferentiation. Thus, the energy required in cell division was provided mainly by intercellular spaces. These findings indicate that the dynamic distribution of ATPase reflected which cell component was actively taking part in the cell metabolism at various stages of the plant development, and its distribution was associated with the physiological state of the cell. Based on the characteristic distributions of ATPase, the critical stage of cell differentiation and the relationship between the critical stage and dedifferentiation were discussed.