小麦品种电泳分类鉴定技术的标准化研究

在甘氨酸-乙酸缓冲系统(pH 3.10)下采用9％聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,比较研究了小麦(Triticumaestivum L.)“烟农15”、“济南13”、“莱州95”和“Marquis”品种的醇溶蛋白图谱误差变化及其有关控制方法。在每个凝胶板上误差呈规律性变化,迁移距离越大,谱带误差越大。同2.05cm谱带相比,9.25cm谱带标准误为0.0332,增大2倍;极差由1.5mm增大到4.5mm。国内3个小麦品种“莱州953”、“济南13”和“烟农15”群体内不存在电泳生物型。“莱州953”由于深色谱带多、分布合理,可作为基本电泳参照品种;“济南13”则由于总带数和特有谱带多,可作辅助参照品种。根据筛选的2.05、3.15、6.05和9.25cm标志带及其实际迁移大小,计算各电泳道谱带的矫正系数和矫正迁移距离。这种移动矫正法能使图谱误差降低约2/3。

STANDARDIZATION OF ELECTROPHOREGRAMS FOR CLASSIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF WHEAT CULTIVARS

Electrophoregrams of four wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars were evaluated for band deviations and control of methods using 9% acrylamide gels in a glycine acetic acid buffer at pH 3.10. The regular patterns of band deviation changed with its migration distance which revealed that the farther the band moved, the greater its standard deviation and range. Comparing with band distance of 2.05 cm, the band at 9.25 cm had a three fold increased standard deviation of 0.033 2 and the range increase from 1.5 mm to 4.5 mm. No biotypes of electrophoregrams was observed in "Yannong 15","Jinan 13" and "Laizhou 953". The results demonstrated that "Laizhou 953" and "Jinan 13" were better reference cultivars than "Marquis" . Four marker bands 2.05 cm,3.15 cm, 6.05 cm and 9.25 cm were chosen based on the assessment of the electrophoregrams. In accordance with the standard averages of these markers and their actural migrating distances in a run a calibration coefficient and calibrated migrating distance could be computed for each band on an elec- trophoregram. Thus a two third reduction of the standard deviation could be expected.