芥菜16个变种的RAPD研究

利用ＲＡＰＤ技术对芥菜（ＢｒａｓｉｃａｊｕｎｃｅａＣｏｓ．）１６个变种的遗传变异进行研究。从６０个随机引物中筛选出２７个有效引物，共扩增出３３６条ＤＮＡ带，其中２７５条为多态性带，占８１８５％，平均每个引物扩增的ＤＮＡ带数为１２４４条。利用１９个有效引物扩增的２４０条ＤＮＡ带对芥菜１６个变种间的亲缘关系进行ＵＰＧＡ聚类分析，计算出１６个变种间的平均遗传距离为７３４，在此基础上建立了中国菜用芥菜１６个变种的ＤＮＡ分子系统树图。该系统将芥菜的１６个变种划归Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ三个组，其中Ａ组７个变种，Ｂ组８个变种，Ｃ组只有１个变种，Ｂ组又可细分为两个亚组。对芥菜遗传多样性的分子基础进行了探讨。

RAPD ANALYSIS OF SIXTEEN VARIETIES OF MUSTARD

RAPD assessment on genetic variations of 16 mustard (Brassica juncea Coss.) varieties were carried out. 27 primers were screened from sixty 10 bp arbitrary primers, and a total of 336 DNA bands were amplified, among which 275 (81.85%) were polymorphic. The average number of DNA band amplified by each primer was 12.44, and the average genetic distance among 16 mustard varieties was 7.34. Based on UPGA cluster analysis of 240 DNA bands amplified by 19 primers, a DNA molecular dendrogram was established for 16 vegetable mustard varieties in China, which divided the 16 mustard varieties into three groups: group A, B and C. Group A included seven varieties, group B eight and group C only one. Group B could be divided into two subgroups:B 1 and B 2. The molecular foundation of genetic diversity of mustard was explored.