Special stomatal distribution in Sabina vulgaris in relation to its survival in a desert environment

In the semi-desert environment of the Mu Us Sandland, the vegetation is composed chiefly of shrubs and semi-shrubs, coverage normally amounting to 30-40%. However, an exception can be found in the community of Sabina vulgaris Antoine, an evergreen shrub, which tends to grow so densely that it covers the sand dunes completely. Previous research has indicated that the high density of Sabina is parallelled by the very low transpiration rate. Based on anatomical and scanning electronic microscopic observations, this paper also points out that two structural features should play an important role in the potential mechanism of water conservation in this plant. First, a low stomatal density in S. vulgaris can lead to a high stomatal resistance and low transpiration. Second, the morphological feature of S. vulgaris leaves being tightly pressed to the stems might be a structural feature of water conservation, because in this way the leaf side bearing more (and mostly larger) stomatal pores could be protected from direct high radiation, while the side with fewer (and mostly smaller) pores (the outer side) is exposed to the dry desert air.