Chemotaxonomic differentiation of conifer families and genera based on the seed oil fatty acid compositions: multivariate analyses |
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Authors: | R L Wolff Laurent G Deluc Anne M Marpeau Bernard Comps |
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Institution: | (1) ISTAB, Laboratoire de Lipochimie Alimentaire, Université Bordeaux 1, Avenue des Facultés, F-33405 Talence cedex, France Fax: 33 5 56 37 03 36, FR;(2) Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Université Bordeaux 1, Avenue des Facultés, F-33405 Talence cedex, France, FR;(3) Laboratoire d’Ecologie Génétique, Université Bordeaux 1, Avenue des Facultés, F-33405 Talence cedex, France, FR |
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Abstract: | The fatty acid compositions of seed oils from 34 conifer species, mainly Pinaceae and secondarily Cupressaceae, have been
determined by gas-liquid chromatography of the methyl esters. As noted in earlier studies, these oils were characterized by
the presence of several Δ5-olefinic acids, i.e., 5,9-18:2, 5,9,12-18:3, 5,9,12,15-18:4, 5,11-20:2, 5,11,14-20:3, and 5,11,14,17-20:4
acids, in addition to the more common saturated, oleic, linoleic and α-linolenic acids. Based on these fatty acid compositions,
and on those established in earlier systematic studies (totalling 82 species), we established a chemotaxonomic grouping of
the main conifer families, i.e., of the Pinaceae, Taxodiaceae, Cupressaceae, and Taxaceae. This was achieved using multivariate
analyses (principal component analysis and discriminant analysis). The fatty acids that discriminate best in this classification
are the 5,11,14,17-20:4, 9,12,15-18:3 and 5,9,12-18:3 acids. Moreover, it was possible to differentiate between several genera
of the Pinaceae: Pinus (including Tsuga and Pseudotsuga), Abies, Cedrus, and Picea plus Larix, represented quite distinct groups. Other fatty acids such as oleic, linoleic, and 5,9-18:2 acids were also important for
this purpose. The fatty acid compositions, and particularly the Δ5-olefinic acid contents of conifer seed oils, may thus be
applied to the chemosystematic distinction among conifer families as well as genera of the Pinaceae.
Received: 3 January 1997 / Accepted: 17 April 1997 |
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Keywords: | Conifer seed oil Fatty acid composition Δ 5-Olefinic acids Pinaceae Chemotaxonomy |
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