Phylogeny of Japanese Papilionid Butterflies Inferred from Nucleotide Sequences of the Mitochondrial ND5 Gene |
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Authors: | Takashi Yagi Go Sasaki Hiraku Takebe |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Radiation Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan, JP;(2) Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan, JP |
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Abstract: | Phylogenetic relationships among the Japanese papilionid butterflies were analyzed by comparing 783 nucleotide sequences
of the mitochondrial gene encoding NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (ND5). Phylogenetic trees of the representative species from each family in the superfamily Papilionoidea revealed that the species
of the family Papilionidae and those of all other families formed distinct clusters, with a few species of the family Hesperiidae
(Hesperioidea) as an outgroup. In the phylogenetic trees of most Japanese species of the family Papilionidae with Nymphalis xanthomelas (Nymphalidae) as an outgroup, the tribe Parnassiini (Parnassiinae) formed a cluster, and the rest formed the other cluster
in which the tribe Zerynthiini (Parnassiinae) and the subfamily Papilioninae formed different subclusters. In the Papilioninae
cluster, the tribes Troidini and Graphiini formed a subcluster, and the tribe Papilionini formed the other subcluster. These
results generally agree with the traditional classification of the papilionid butterflies based on their morphological characteristics
and support the proposed evolutionary genealogy of the butterflies based on their morphology, behavior, and larval host plants,
except that the tribes Parnasiini and Zerynthiini (both Parnassiinae) are not in the same cluster.
Received: 16 March 1998 / Accepted: 28 April 1998 |
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Keywords: | : ND5 — mtDNA — Phylogeny — Lepidoptera — Papilionid butterflies |
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