Plant Photoreceptors: Phylogenetic Overview |
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Authors: | Patricia Lariguet Christophe Dunand |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, Geneva 4, CH-1211, Switzerland |
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Abstract: | Plants possess photoreceptors to perceive light which controls most aspects of their lives. Three photoreceptor families are
well characterized: cryptochromes (crys), phototropins (phots), and phytochromes (phys). Two putative families have been identified
more recently: Zeitlupes (ZTLs) and UV-B photoreceptors (ULI). Using Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa photoreceptor sequences as references, we have searched for photoreceptor encoding genes in the major phyla of plant kingdom.
For each photoreceptor family, using a phylogenetic tree based on the alignment of conserved amino acid sequences, we have
tried to trace back the evolution and the emergence of the diverse photoreceptor ancestral sequences.
The green alga Chlamydomonas contains one cry and one phot sequence, probably close to the corresponding ancestral sequences, and no phy-related sequence.
The putative UV-B photoreceptors seem to be restricted to the Brassicacae. Except for mosses and ferns, which contain divergent
photoreceptor numbers, the composition of the diverse photoreceptor families is conserved between species. A high conservation
of the residues within domains is observed in each photoreceptor family. The complete phylogenic analysis of the photoreceptor
families in plants has confirmed the existence of crucial evolutionary nodes between the major phyla. For each photoreceptor
class, a major duplication occurred before the separation between Mono- and Eudicotyledons. This allowed postulating on the
putative ancestral function of the photoreceptors.
Reviewing Editor: Dr. Rudiger Cerff] |
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Keywords: | Cryptochromes Phototropins Phylogeny Phytochromes UV-B photoreceptors Zeitlupes |
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