Habitat associations with topography and canopy structure of tree species in a tropical montane forest on Mount Kinabalu,Borneo |
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Authors: | Aiba Shin-ichiro Kitayama Kanehiro Takyu Masaaki |
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Institution: | (1) Faculty of Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan;(2) Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Kamitanakami Hirano Otsu, 520-2113, Japan;(3) Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, PO Box, 16, Tsukuba Norin Kenkyu Danchi Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan;(4) Present address: Faculty of Regional Environmental Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Sakuragaoka 1-1-1, Setagaya-ku Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan |
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Abstract: | Habitat associations with topography and canopy structure of 42 abundant tree species were studied in a 2.74-ha plot of tropical
montane forest on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo. Many of these species belong to the same higher taxa including eight families and
four genera. Analysis of intraspecific spatial distributions for stems ≥ 10 cm diameter revealed that 28 species (including
all six species of Fagaceae) showed aggregated distributions at the 100-m2 and/or 400-m2 scales, and that 20 species showed habitat associations with topography by torus-translation tests; 17 species showed both
characteristics. Species' associations with the local canopy structure were characterized by crown position index (CPI), which
was defined relative to neighbour trees. The CPI differed greatly among individual stems at 10–40 cm diameter, and 19 species
showed significantly different frequencies of crowns exposed vertically versus those shaded beneath the canopy. Mean growth
rates at 10–40 cm diameter and size distributions of species were not related to topographic associations, but were explained
by the associations with canopy structure; species with more exposed crowns grew faster and had less positively skewed distributions.
Diversity in habitat associations was manifest between two genera (Syzygium and Tristaniopsis) in the family Myrtaceae and among species in these genera, but was less evident in other families and two genera (Garcinia and Lithocarpus).
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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Keywords: | Crown position Growth rate Malaysia Spatial distribution Species coexistence Topography |
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