商品大米中Cd、Pb、Cr的污染状况及健康风险评价

为了解本地商品大米中重金属的污染情况,采用微波消解法和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法,对144个大米样品进行Cd、Pb和Cr含量的检测,采用单项污染指数和内梅罗综合指数法对其污染状况和健康风险进行分析评价。结果表明,样品中Cd、Pb和Cr的超标率分别为0.69%、27.78%和34.03%。无等级大米中3种重金属的超标率高于有等级大米,但差异不显著。本土商品大米样品中Cd的含量显著高于外省样品,Pb含量差异不显著,Cr的含量显著低于外省样品。144个样品中处于安全级别的样品仅占63.89%。健康风险评价结果显示,当地居民通过食用大米实际摄入Cd和Pb的量都低于FAO/WHO推荐的每人每日的允许摄入量,不存在严重的健康风险,但却存在Cr的健康风险问题。

Evaluation of the Pollution and Health Risk Caused by Cd, Pb and Cr in Rice Samples from Open Markets

In order to understand the pollution of heavy metals in local rice from open markets, contents of Cd, Pb and Cr from 144 rice samples in Huizhou were determined by microwave digestion and ICP·-AES. The evaluation of pollution and health risk was done with methods of single pollution index and synthetic pollution indices. Results indicated that contents of Cd, Pb and Cr from rice samples exceeded allowable limit by 0.69%, 27.78% and 34.03% respectively. The allowable limit of heavy metal contents exceeded more in samples without grade mark than that in samples with grade mark, but there was no significant difference between them. Cd content in local samples was significantly higher than that in outside province, yet Pb content had no significant difference between them. The Cr content was significantly lower than that in the later. Among the 144 samples, safe samples accounted for 63.89%. Risk evaluation results showed that the uptake of Cd and Pb from rice by local residents was lower than personal daily allowance amount recommended by FAO/WHO. Although there are no serious health risks from pollution of Cd and Pb, but Cr pollution may bring health risk to people.