甘蔗近缘种滇蔗茅(Erianthus rockii)表型性状遗传多样性研究

为有效评价和利用蔗茅种质资源，挖掘其优良性状，以滇、黔、川考察收集的29份蔗茅为材料，选取5个数量性状为指标，对其多样性指数、变异系数、数量性状之间的相关性、数量性状与经纬度、海拔的相关性进行研究。分析结果表明：(1)共采集到25份高海拔种质资源，其中海拔超过2800米有4份，进一步丰富了甘蔗野生种质资源库；(2)蔗茅种质资源数量性状的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均较高，株高多样性指数最高(1.441),锤度多样性指数最低(1.291)；数量性状遗传变异较丰富，各性状变异系数范围为21%～38%，变异系数最大的为株高(38%)，最小的为叶长(21%)；(3)蔗茅种质资源性状差异显著，叶长、叶宽、株高、茎径存在较大相关性,而与锤度不相关；叶宽与经度呈正相关，与纬度、海拔呈负相关。(4)聚类分析结果表明，蔗茅种质资源可分为四大类群，其中Ⅱ类群(EF-27)具有良好的数量性状和锤度品质潜力，可推荐作为甘蔗育种杂交利用首选材料。

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Phenotypic Traits in Erianthus rockii Wild Species

B Based on 6 quantitative traits and 23 qualitative traits, the phenotypic variation, genetic diversity, and cluster relationships were investigated in Erianthus rockii wild species. The results showed that the variation coefficient of the 6 quantitative traits ranged from 12.72%~22.38% among the 51 materials, brix trait had the greatest coefficient variation of 22.38%, stalk diameter as the next of 22.27%, and lamina length was the smallest of 12.72%.Furthermore,the genetic diversity was abundant in internode colour exposed, however, stalk shape, bud shape, internode shape, growth crack, inflorescence shape did not segregate. Moreover, the cluster analysis indicated these progenies could be divided into 4 groups and 5 subgroups. Genetic diversity and cluster analysis would be helpful to utilization of the materials in breeding and gene discovery.