慈姑种质资源表型性状多样性分析

对保存在国家种质武汉水生蔬菜资源圃内慈姑41份地方品种、26份野生资源的遗传多样性进行了分析。结果表明:各性状多样性指数均较大,数量性状遗传多样性指数(1.840～2.039)高于质量性状(1.033～1.382),说明这些慈姑种质资源具有广泛的遗传多样性,且数量性状遗传变异更丰富;与慈姑种质资源产品相关的性状变异系数较高(24.16%～62.01%),利用现有资源选育球茎大、产量高的品种成为可能。基于慈姑资源13个表型性状的聚类分析,将67份慈姑种质资源分为3类,第Ⅰ类为野生资源类群,该类可进一步分为3个亚类,第Ⅱ类为栽培黄慈姑类群,第Ⅲ类为栽培乌慈姑类群,该类亦可进一步分为2个亚类,大类或亚类间亲缘关系较远,在慈姑杂交育种时宜选择类群间或者亚类间的材料为亲本。

Phenotypic Diversity Analysis of Arrowhead Germplasm Resources

In order to improve efficiency in selecting arrowhead cultivars as parents and provide a guidance in choosing best parental combination for crossing,the genetic diversity was studied in 41 traditional cultivars and 26 wild resources conserved in Wuhan National Germplasm Repository for Aquatic Vegetables.The result showed that the genetic diversity index of all traits were relatively large.The genetic diversity index of quantitative traits(1.840-2.039) wase higher than that of the quality traits(1.033-1.382).This indicated that these resources had wide genetic diversity,and it was probable to select bigger corm and higher yield variety.Clustering analysis based on 13 phenotypic traits demonstrated that 67 arrowhead germplasm were classified into 3 categories.The first category was wild resources,which was classified into 3 sub-categories.The second category was cultivated yellow arrowhead.The third category was cultivated grey arrowhead,which was classified into 2 sub-categories.The genetic relationship was relatively far between categories or sub-categories.The materials in different categories or sub-categories should be chose as parents for crossing.