基于TP-M13-SSR指纹图谱的中国原产苹果属植物分子身份证的建立

利用TP-M13-SSR分子标记方法，构建27份中国原产苹果属植物在12个SSR位点的指纹图谱，运用条码技术生成其分子身份证。12对引物共获得251个等位基因，平均21个。引物多态性好，仅用引物CH05b06即可区分全部供试材料。27份苹果材料在12个SSR位点遗传多样性、多态性信息含量和位点杂合度的变化范围为0.6620～0.9455、0.6327～0.9211和0.6538～0.9319。基于CH05b06位点处获得的指纹谱图即可得到每份供试材料独有的分子身份证。TP-M13-SSR分子标记技术适用于苹果属植物种质资源的指纹图谱构建，利于分子基础数据库的积累。基于苹果种质资源TP-M13-SSR指纹图谱可获得每份苹果种质资源独有的分子身份证。

Establishment of Molecular identity card for Malus Mill. Originated From China Based on the Fingerprints of TP-M13-SSR

In this work, we used 27 apple (Malus Mill.) accessions originated from China to assess the feasibility of using tailed primer M13 microsatellite markers (TP-M13-SSR)to establish genetic fingerprints and barcode technology to establish molecular identity cards of the apple collection. For the 27 accessions, twelve SSR markers resulted in the amplification of 251 alleles, with an average of 21 alleles per locus. The ranges of gene diversity, PIC and locus heterozygosity of the accessions using 12 SSR loci were 0.6620-0.9455, 0.6327-0.9211 and 0.6538-0.9319, respectively. The primer CH05b06 successfully differentiated all of the accessions. Based on the genetic fingerprints at CH05b06, we could obtain the special molecular identity cards for every accession. This technology could be used to establish genetic fingerprints and then obtain molecular identity cards for every accession, which could develop a set of reference standards for the apple collection which could be used as a database to identify unknown apple varieties.