棉花叶皱小突变体的遗传分析及激素含量研究

在海岛棉(Gossypium barbadense L.)品种海7124的基因组总DNA导入陆地棉(G.hirsutum L.)品种石远321的后代中,发现了一个形态性状发生变异的突变体。与正常棉株相比,突变体叶片皱小、茎杆细弱,铃小但种子发育正常。叶表皮显微观察发现,突变体叶表皮细胞增大,突变体叶片变小是由于叶片细胞数目的减少。遗传分析表明,突变体为杂合基因型,突变性状受显性基因控制,并可能具有纯合致死效应。内源激素含量测定显示,突变体茎尖中IAA和ZR含量显著高于正常棉株,推测突变体的叶片皱缩变小可能与主茎顶芽中IAA和ZR含量的异常有关。

Genetic Analysis and Endogenous Hormone Content in Apical Buds of A Cotton Mutant with Small Crinkled Leaves

A mutant with small crinkled leaves were discovered in the progeny of the genomic DNA of island cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.cv.Hai7124 ) introduced into the upland cotton (G. hirsutum L. cv. Shiyuan321). Compared with the normal cotton plant, the leaves of the mutant were smaller and the stem was thinner, but it can flower and set bolls normally. Microscopic observation showed that cells of the mutant leaf epidermis were significantly larger than that of the wild type plant. The result of genetic analysis indicated that the mutant phenotype was controlled by a dominant allele that may have homologous lethal effect. The endogenous hormone contents showed that the IAA and ZR contents in apical buds were obviously higher in the mutant than that in the wild type plant. It is suggested that the abnormal contents of IAA and ZR in the mutant result in the phenotypic mutation.