玉米抗南方锈病种质资源初步鉴定及遗传多样性分析

南方锈病是玉米生产上的重要病害。2013-2015年在广西南宁和北京昌平对903份玉米种质资源进行了抗南方锈病的初步鉴定与评价,并利用SSR标记对筛选出的部分抗性材料进行了遗传多样性分析。结果表明,在903份种质中,8份自交系在广西南宁和北京昌平均对南方锈病表现高抗(HR),占总鉴定种质的0.9%;29份材料表现为抗病(R),占比3.2%,包括27份自交系和2份农家种;中抗种质(MR)100份,占比11.1%;感病(S)和高感(HS)种质分别为181和585份,占鉴定材料的20.0%和64.8%。由此可见,玉米资源中高抗南方锈病的种质较为匮乏,在不同地点均表现高抗的材料是难得的抗源。不同地理来源的玉米种质对南方锈病的抗性水平存在较大差异,其中抗性资源较为丰富的是源自内蒙古和山西的种质。42对多态性SSR引物在50份抗锈病材料中,共扩增出141个条带,多态性条带139个,多态位点百分率(PPB)为98.58%。平均等位基因数(Na)1.98,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)1.59,平均Nei's基因多样性(H)0.34,平均多态性信息含量(PIC)0.78,平均Shannon's信息指数(I)0.51;通过UPGMA聚类分析,50份抗病材料被划分为2个类群,其中,第Ⅰ类群又可划分为5个亚类,表现出较高的遗传多样性,为抗病育种中抗源的选择和利用提供参考信息。

Identification and Genetic Diversity Analysis of Maize Germplasm Resources for Resistance to Southern Corn Rust

Southern rust is an important disease in maize production. A total of 903 maize accessions were screened for resistance to Southern Corn Rust in Nanning, Guangxi and Changping, Beijin from 2013 to 2015. And the SSR markers were adopted in genetic diversity analysis of the selected partially resistant materials. In Nanning, Guangxi and Changping, Beijing, both of the results showed that among the 903 germplasm, 8 inbred lines were highly resistant to southern corn rust, accounting for 0.88% of the total germplasm. Twenty-nine germplasm, including 27 inbred lines and 2 landraces was resistant to this disease, accounted for 3.2% of total accessions,