狗尾草属野生近缘种的染色体鉴定

对来自多个国家和地区的10个种(青狗尾草S.viridis,法氏狗尾草S.faberii,轮生狗尾草S.verticillata、S.verticillifor-mis,金色狗尾草S.glauca、S.pumila、S.grisebachii、S.leucopila、S.parviflora、S.queenslandica等)50份狗尾草材料进行了染色体计数及倍性鉴定。发现狗尾草属中的青狗尾草均为二倍体,金色狗尾草S.glauca有四倍体和八倍体,轮生狗尾草S.verticillata有二倍体和四倍体,法氏狗尾草S.faberii为四倍体,S.pumila有二倍体和四倍体,S.grisebachii为二倍体,S.leucopila为二倍体,S.queenslandica为四倍体。本研究中对S.grisebachii、S.leucopila、S.queenslandica3个种是首次染色体倍性观察。发掘近缘种的有益基因是作物育种的重要途径之一,本研究搜集的谷子近缘野生种对谷子远缘杂交育种和谷子起源进化分析有重要意义。

Chromosome Number Identification of Some Wild Setaria Species

Chromosome number and polyploidy level identification were made on 50 accessions of wild Setaria species including S.viridis,S.faberii,S.verticillata,S.verticilliformis,S.glauca,S.parviflora,S.pumila,S.grisebachii,S.leucopila,S.queenslandica.All the S.viridis samples were found to be diploid,S.glauca samples had tetraploid and octoploid types,S.verticillata samples had diploid and tetraploid and all samples of S.faberii were tetraploid.One S.pumila sample was found to be diploid and other samples of the same species were tetraploid,and the diploid S.pumila would be important for genome composition study because it was the first diploid sample found in glauca group of Setaria genus.Among the three species,which were the first time ploidy level identification reported,S.grisebachii and S.grisebachii were diploid and S.queenslandica was a tetraploid species.