植物蛋白激酶与作物非生物胁迫抗性的研究

干旱、盐碱、高温等非生物逆境胁迫严重影响作物生长发育、产量和品质。在遭受非生物逆境的威胁时,植物通过信号受体,可感知、转导胁迫信号,启动一系列抗逆相关基因的表达,最终缓解或抵御非生物逆境胁迫对植物造成的危害。其中,蛋白激酶和蛋白磷酸酯酶的磷酸化/去磷酸化作用在植物感受外界胁迫信号的分子传递过程中起到开关的作用。正常情况下,蛋白激酶磷酸化开启信号转导途径,启动相应的抗逆基因表达反应;当信号消失后,蛋白激酶去磷酸化将信号转导途径关闭,达到调控植物正常生长的目的。因此,蛋白激酶在调控感受胁迫信号、启动各种非生物逆境胁迫响应中起到了极其重要的作用。近年来,对植物蛋白激酶参与非生物胁迫响应的研究倍受关注。本文阐述了不同类型蛋白激酶在改良作物非生物胁迫抗性上的应用,为进一步研究提供资料。

Research progress of plant protein kinase and abiotic stress resistance

Abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity and high temperature stress seriously affect plant growth, yield and quality of crops. Under adversity stresses, plants recognize and transmit stress signals, activate the expression of functional genes, and finally to alleviate or defend against the damage which abiotic stress had made to plants. Among them, the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of protein kinases and phosphatases make a role of switch in response to external stress. In general, phosphorylation of protein kinases open signal transduction pathway, and when signal disappears, it will shut off to phosphorylation, achieving the purpose of regulating plant normal growth. Therefore, protein kinases play an extremely important role in growth and a variety of responses to stresses in plants. In recent years, the research of plant protein kinases involved in abiotic stress responses gains much attention. In this paper, we discussed the application of different types of protein kinases in the improvement of abiotic stress resistance of crops, providing information for further research.