粳稻种质资源的苗期耐碱性鉴定评价

以来自中国13个省和14个国家的378份粳稻种质资源为试验材料,在不同碱胁迫条件下开展了粳稻苗期死叶率的鉴定评价,并从中筛选出耐碱性强的粳稻种质.结果表明,pH9.4的碱胁迫条件对粳稻死叶率的影响显著大于pH8.9的碱胁迫条件,而pH8.9条件更适合于粳稻种质资源的耐碱性鉴定评价.在pH8.9碱胁迫条件下不同地理来源粳稻间、粳稻不同种质间存在明显的耐碱性差异,澳大利亚、意大利和中国江西粳稻种质的平均死叶率较低,表现为较强的耐碱性.pH8.9的碱胁迫第16～26天时,在20%～100%死叶率范围内,其粳稻种质资源的次数分布表现为接近正态的连续分布,且其方差和变异系数较大,认为该时期较适合作为粳稻种质资源耐碱性的鉴定时期.YR196、Baru、丰锦、日本晴、8068、绥粳5号等21份粳稻种质在pH8.9碱胁迫第16天时死叶率均小于40%,表现为较强的耐碱性,可在今后耐碱性水稻育种中加以利用.

Evaluation of Alkalince Tolerance at the Seedling Stage for Japonica Rice Germplasm Resources

Using 378 japonica rice germplasm resources from 14 foreign countries and 13 provinces of China, the dead leaf rate at the seedling stage under different alkaline stress was evaluated, and japonica rice germplasm resources with strong alkaline tolerance were selected. The results showed that the dead leaf rate under alkaline stress for pH9.4 was significantly larger than that under alkaline stress for pH 8.9, while alkaline stress for pH 8.9 was more suited to evaluate the dead leaf rate for japonica rice germplasm resources. The alkaline tolerance among different japonica rice germplasm resources from different geographical origins under alkaline stress for pH8.9 was significantly different. The japonica rice germplasm resources from Australia, Italy and Jiangxi province of China were appeared lower dead leaf rate, which had stronger alkaline tolerance than others. The dead leaf rate of tested materials during 16 days to 26 days under alkaline stress for pH8.9 were ranged from 20% to 100%, and which showed continuous distribution near normal with larger variance and coefficient of variation. So these period was considered fit to evaluate the alkaline tolerance for japonica rice germplasm resources. Twenty-one japonica rice germplasm resources, such as YR196, Baru, Fengjin, Nipponbare, 8068, Suijing 5 and so on with strong alkaline tolerance were selected, which showed stronger alkaline tolerance with less than 40% of the dead leaf rate when 16 days under alkaline stress for pH8.9. These rice germplasm resources could be applied for further rice alkaline tolerance breeding.