67份美国小麦种质资源的HMW-GS组成与品质分析

为了挖掘新的种质资源,对引自美国的67份小麦种质材料进行了高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成与品质性状分析。HMW-GS组成分析表明,在供试材料中共检测到20种亚基类型和25种亚基组合,表明这批材料的遗传多样性较高。在GluA1位点上,亚基1与2*的出现频率分别为16.4%与35.8%;Glu-B1位点有9个等位变异,其中出现频率最高的为7+9亚基对(47.8%);Glu-D1位点有8个等位变异,以5+10亚基对为主要类型,出现频率高达74.6%。在Glu-B1位点上发现3个不常见亚基7*、8*、8**和3个未知亚基a、b、c,还发现1个未知亚基,暂时将其标记为5*,可能位于Glu-D1位点上。亚基组合类型中,"null,7+8,5+10"的出现频率最高,为22.4%。亚基评分在5~10分之间,平均8.2分,得分在8分及其以上的材料有42份(62.69%),其中得10分的材料有9份(13.43%)。利用DA7200近红外成分分析仪对这批小麦材料的品质性状进行初步分析,结果表明其品质指标较低。这67份美国小麦材料含有的优质亚基比例较高,可作为中间材料以改良我国黄淮麦区小麦品种的亚基组成。

Analysis on HMW-GS Composition and Quality Properties of 67 American Wheat Accessions

In order to explore new wheat germplasm for wheat quality improvement, high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) composition and quality properties were analyzed among 67 American wheat accessions. SDS-PAGE were used to detect HMW-GS compositions and the results showed that there were 20 types of subunits and 25 types of subunit combinations, meaning that Glu-1 locus had a high level of variations. The frequencies of quality subunits such as 1, 2* and 5+10 were 16.4%, 35.8%, 74.6% respectively, higher than any other subunit. The quality score ranged from 5 to 10, with an average of 8.2. Forty one accessions scored above 8(including 8), and even 8 accessions had a score of 10. The quality properties analysis was treated as preliminary analysis, and the results indicated that these materials had lower quality indexes. Base on the results above, these American accessions could be parental materials to improve the HMW-GS compositions of Huang-huai wheat regions of China .