结球甘蓝植株相关主要农艺性状 的遗传及相关性分析

利用主要农艺性状上具有显著差异的结球甘蓝高代纯合自交系01-88和02-12杂交获得F1,通过游离小孢子培养获得含有189个基因型的DH群体为试验材料,采用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型对结球甘蓝外叶数、开展度、株高、外叶颜色、外叶长和外叶宽6个与植株相关的主要农艺性状进行遗传和相关性分析。结果表明,在DH分离群体中6个主要农艺性状呈连续的、单峰、偏态分布,说明这些性状为多基因控制的数量性状。除外叶宽和外叶颜色性状受多基因控制外,其余4个农艺性状均受2对主基因+多基因控制。主基因遗传率大小顺序为株高(59.16%)>外叶长(56.56%)>外叶数(55.67%)>开展度(19.56%)。株高、外叶长和外叶数性状具有较高的主基因遗传率,早代选择效果较好。这6个农艺性状间存在一定的相关性,其中外叶数与开展度、外叶长与外叶宽等成对性状呈极显著正相关;外叶数与外叶宽成对性状呈极显著负相关,在育种实践中可利用其相关性实行间接选择。

Genetic and correlative analysis of main agronomic traits related to plants in B. oleracea L. var. capitata

Two diverse advanced homozygous inbred lines of cabbage, 01-88 and 02-12, with the significant difference on the main agronomic traits related to plants, were used as the parents to develop a Double Haploid (DH) population containing 189 lines, through microspore culture. Using mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance model, the traits of number of outer leaf (Nol), plant breadth (Pb), plant height (Ph), length of outer leaf (Lol), width of outer leaf (Wol) and primary color of outer leaf (Pcl) in B. oleracea were investigated. The results showed that all the 6 main agronomic traits were continuous, single peak and partial distribution. This demonstrated that 6 main agronomic traits related to plants were quantitative. Except Wol and Pcl, the inheritances of other 4 traits were in agreement with two major genes plus polygenes. The heritability of major genes in descending order were following as Ph(59.16%) > Lol(56.56%) > Nol(55.67%) > Pb(19.56%). Due to the high major gene heritability of Ph, Lol, Nol, they were efficiently used for early-generation selection. Nol-Pb, Lol-Wol etc paired traits were significant positive correlation. Nol-Wol wassignificant negative correlation. The results were facilitated to indirectly select in breeding.