特种稻不育系巨胚813A的选育与研究

用350Gy剂量的Co^60-γ射线照射水稻三系保持系813B种子，获得巨胚突变体，命名为巨胚813B（简称813geB）。用巨胚813B回交813A育成特种稻不育系——巨胚813A（简称813geA）。对巨胚813B及巨胚813A的生物学特性进行研究，结果表明：巨胚813A与813A的主要农艺性状、雄性不育性及产量构成因素均无明显差异。巨胚813B与813B具有相似的农艺性状，但绝对胚重由0．61mg提高到1．36mg，相对胚重由2．70％提高到6．96％。巨胚813B糙米的蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维及必需氨基酸含量均比813B高。其中蛋白质含量9．77％，比813B提高了8．80％；粗脂肪含量5．28％，比813B提高了87．23％；8种必需氨基酸含量均有提高。利用巨胚恢复系与巨胚813A可纽配成巨胚杂交稻。

Development and Research of Special Type Giant-embryo CMS Line 813geA

Special type giant-embryo maintainer lines 813geB were obtained after irradiation on maintainers 813B. By back crossing 813geB lines with its corresponding a lines 813A,special type giant embryo CMS lines 813geA were developed.The special type giant embryo CMS lines 813geA had similar plant tapes,pollen fertility and yield components as 813A.813geB lines had similar plant tapes as 813B lines.Compared with 813B,special type giant-embryo B lines 813geB had an increase in the absolute and relative embryo weight of its brown rice,from 0.61mg to 1.36mg and 2.70% to 6.96%.813geB contained higher content of protein(9.77%)and lipid(5.28%).The contents of all 8 kinds of essential amino acids were higher than 813B.Crossing giant embryo restorer lines with 813geA and giant embryo hybrids were developed.