玉米优异地方种质资源的筛选与评价

本文对20个玉米优异地方品种资源主要农艺性状进行了研究，运用灰色系统理论的方法，分析了资源的综合性状及各性状间的关系。研究结果表明，株高影响穗粗，穗位高影响穗长，株高和穗位均低的资源不会有较高的单株粒重；叶片数对资源的筛选、利用有一定的影响，对穗长、穗粗、单株粒重有显著影响；利用生育期较短的资源可能会选出单株粒重较高的自交系和杂交种。据此结果结合育种目标评价，筛选出白头霜、高油玉米、洛阳85、白鹤、二夏、品综2号、本地黄玉米、金皇后8个玉米地方品种，综合农艺性状好，具有较高的利用价值。

The Selection and Evaluation of Elite Maize Landraces

This article reports agronomic characteristics of the landraces. The twenty maize landraces were analysed by the method of Grey systematic theory. It was showed that the plant height mainly affected spike width, the ear height mainly affected the ear length. If plant height and ear height were low, the grain weight per plant was low. The number of leaves not only had remarkable effect on the ear length,ear width and grain weight per plant, but also had effect the use of landraces. Good inbred line and hybrids could be selected from corn landraces with short growth duration .Eight varieties of Baitoushuang,High-oil corn,Luoyan No.85,Baihe,Erxia,Pingzong No.2,Goldqueen,Bendihuang had good comprehensive agronomic characters which could be used in breeding programs.