葡萄初级核心种质资源MybA基因型分析

探究MybA类基因在不同类型葡萄品种中的分布,可为葡萄品种鉴定,以及有色葡萄育种的亲本选择提供依据。本研究以欧亚种、欧美杂种、法美杂种、山欧杂种以及美洲种在内的118个葡萄初级核心种质为材料,对其MybA基因型进行分析。结果表明:欧亚种及其杂种普遍具有VvmybA1基因的等位基因VvmybA1a,仅10个欧亚种及其杂种品种中没有检测到VvmybA1a基因;欧亚种、欧美杂种以及法美杂种中普遍同时具有VvmybA1、VvmybA2和VvmybA3基因,仅少数品种未检测到VvmybA2或VvmybA3基因;山欧杂种中北玫、公酿1号和熊岳白葡萄同时具有VvmybA1、VvmybA2和VvmybA3基因,北醇和北红中仅检测到VvmybA1和VvmybA3基因;仅在具有美洲种血缘的葡萄品种中检测到VlmybA2基因,而5个认为是美洲种的品种未检测到VlmybA2基因,且检测到了欧亚种特有的VvmybA1a等位基因,推测它们为含美洲种血缘较多的欧美杂种,而非纯美洲种。

Genotyping MybA Genes in Primary Core Collection of Grape Genetic Resources

The study of MybA genotypes in different grape cultivars can provide the basis for identification and classification of grape cultivars as well as selection of parents in grape breeding. The result of MybA genotyping in 118 primary core collection of grape genetic resources shows that most Vitis vinifera cultivars and their hybrids have VvmybA1a which is an allele of VvmybA1 gene, with the exception of 10 Vitis vinifera cultivars and their hybrids. VvmybA1, VvmybA2 and VvmybA3 genes were all detected in most Vitis vinifera, hybrids of V. labrusca and V. Vinifera, and hybrid wine grapes, except for a few grape cultivars with VvmybA2 or VvmybA3 undetected. Hybrids of V. amurensis and V. vinifera, Beimei, Xiongyuebai and Gongniangyihao have all VvmybA1, VvmybA2 and VvmybA3, while Beichun and Beihong have only VvmybA1 and VvmybA3. VlmybA2 gene were only detected in some hybrids of V. labrusca and V. vinifera, and hybrid wine grapes. It is noteworthy that in five Vitis labrusca cultivars VvmybA1a (typical genotype of V. vinifera) but not VlmybA2 was detected. We speculate that they are the hybrids of V. labrusca and V. vinifera, with more V. labrusca parentage, and they are not the pure Vitis labrusca.