云南铁壳麦高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成及其遗传多样性分析

以36份云南铁壳麦为试验材料,采用SDS-PAGE法分析了Glu-1位点编码的高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)及组成。结果表明,在Glu-A1位点上检测到3种(N,2*和1)亚基类型,Glu-B1位点上共检测到5种(7、7 8、17 18、13 16和6 8)亚基类型,Glu-D1位点上只检测到1种(2 12)亚基类型。共检测到6种亚基组成类型,即:N、7、2 12,N、7 8、2 12,2*、7 8、2 12,2*、17 18、2 12,1、6 8、2 12和1、13 16、2 12。云南铁壳麦的HMW-GS为普通小麦已知变异类型的18%,3个位点的Nei's遗传变异系数顺序为Glu-B1(0.5734)>Glu-A1(0.2484)>Glu-D1(0),表明云南铁壳麦属较原始类型,Glu-D1位点未发生变异。品质评分最高分为8分(3份材料),平均为5.2分。同时86%的云南铁壳麦具有适合制作优质手工馒头的高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(N和2 12),42%的云南铁壳麦具有亚基组成类型(1、7 8、2 12和N、7 8、2 12),这些材料可作为云南小麦馒头品质改良的材料。

HMW-GS Compositions and Genetic Diversities in Triticum aestivum ssp. yunnanense King

36 accessions of Triticum aestivum ssp.yunnanense King were used to evaluate the HMW glutenin subunits at Glu-1 loci by SDS-PAGE.3 HMW glutenin subunits(i.e.N,2* and 1),5(i.e.7,7 8,17 18,13 16 and 6 8),and 1(2 12) were found at Glu-A1,Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci,respectively.Totally there were 6 components of HMW-GS in Yunnan hulled wheat,including N,7,2 12;N,7 8,2 12;2*,7 8,2 12;2*,17 18,2 12;1,6 8,2 12 and 1,13 16,2 12.When compared with the HMW glutenin subunits found in bread wheat,subunits in Yunnan hulled wheat accounted for 18%,and its Nei's genetic variation index of genomes A,B and D was 0.2484,0.5734 and 0,ranking as B>A>D,indicating that Yunnan hulled wheat is an ancestral subspece and there was no genetic diversity at D genome.The average score based on the Payne's system was 5.2,and the highest 3 accessions reached 8.42%.Yunnan hulled wheat had the components of 1,7 8,2 12 and N,7 8,2 12,confirmed as good subunits for steam-bread making quality,which could be used for wheat steam-bread quality improvement.