普通小麦远缘杂交F1代表现型研究

小麦远缘杂交试验采用常规杂交方法,不进行胚培养,在自然条件下,实现了普通小麦与小黑麦(6X,AABBRR)、柱穗山羊草(2X,DD)、人工合成六倍体小麦(6X,AABBDD)、CIMMYT人工合成小麦(6X,AABBDD)的杂交.发现在F1代中,出现了2～7种植株表现型、7种性状分离现象;小麦颖壳颜色变化可能受多个加性基因控制;杂交F2代结实率较F1代有数倍或十余倍的增长.

Study on F1 Phenotype of Wheat Crosses Involving Wild Relatives and Triticale

Using conventional crossing methods under natural conditions,without using embryo culture to rescue hybrid embryos,common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.,2n=6X=42,AABBDD) was crossed with Aegilops tauschii Coss.(2n=2X=14,DD),Persicum-tauschii amphidiploids(2n=6X=42,AABBDD),CIMMYT synthetic wheat(6X,AABBDD derived from crosses between AABB and DD) and Triticale(X.Triticosecale rimpaui Wittm,2n=6X=42,AABBRR),respectively.F_1 progeny plants had two to seven plant phenotypes in each cross combination and up to seven characters were segregating in F_1 generation.For example,chaff color varied greatly among F_1 plants,which suggests there were several genes that control wheat chaff color in these crosses.In addition,the average seed set of the F_2 plants was significantly higher compared with the seed set of F_1 plants.