设施用厚皮甜瓜品种SSR标记遗传多样性分析

使用分布于甜瓜12条染色体上的72对SSR引物,对我国中东部设施内栽培的30个厚皮甜瓜品种进行分析;56对SSR引物在30个品种间表现为多态性。共检测到138个等位变异,每对引物的等位变异数变幅为2～6个,平均为2.6个。有效等位变异为86.16个,平均为2.25。每个SSR位点的多态性信息量(PIC)变化范围为0.045～0.725,平均为0.390。30个品种间遗传相似系数变幅为0.274～0.974之间,平均值为0.665,且90.4%的供试品种其遗传相似系数在0.474～0.824之间,亲缘关系较近;以遗传相似系数为原始数据,按UPGMA方法将30个品种划分为3大类群,结合系谱分析结果表明,我国中东部设施适宜种植的甜瓜品种遗传多样性不够丰富,多数品种间的亲缘关系较近,欲进一步提高中东部地区设施甜瓜产量和品质还需要拓宽亲本选择范围,扩大遗传背景。

Analysis on Genetic Diversity of Melon Varieties Using SSR Markers

Genetic diversity of 30 melon varieties that were from Middle-east area Province or introducd from Taiwan area and Japan, was analyzed by 72 SSR primers distributed on 12 melon chromosomes. The results showed that 56 SSR primers of total performed polymorphism and 138 alleles loci were detected with a range from 2 to 6 and 2.6 as average number of alleles per SSR. The effective alleles were 86.16 with average 2.25. Each value of allelic polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.045 to 0.725 based on an average of 0.390 per SSR marker. The genetic similarity of paired varieties varied from 0.274 to 0.974, with 0.665 as average figure, and genetic similarity of 90.4% tested materials between 0.474 and 0.824. According to the methodology of UPGMA, 30 melon varieties could be clustered into three groups based of the generic similarity coefficient as the original data. Combined with pedigree analysis results showed that the genetic diversity of melon varieties in Middle-east area was not enough at present and it had closer genetic relationship among most varieties. It is important to enlarge the genetic resources and explore the genetic backiground in order for provide high quality melon variety in current melon breeding.