国际水稻遗传评价圃资源在广东的试验和评价利用

2001-2005年广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所、水稻研究所参加6个国际水稻遗传评价试验圃（INGER），包括国际褐稻虱圃、稻瘿蚊圃、稻瘟病圃、白叶枯病圃、灌溉稻观察圃和靓粒香稻圃，引进水稻种质资源1778份，经鉴定试验和田间评价试验，评选出一批适合广东的抗病虫或具丰产潜能的优质种质。这些种质资源在我省水稻抗病虫性研究和抗病虫育种中得到广泛应用，2001-2005年用4个INGER材料培育出9个优质丰产抗病虫品种，合计应用面积25万hm^2。这些品种组合控制了广东水稻病虫褐稻虱、稻瘟病、白叶枯病的灾害性发生，具有重要的经济效益和生态效应。目前，广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所和水稻研究所分别保留了200多份和5000多份可进一步利用的水稻种质材料。通过INGER试验引进的水稻种质资源对丰富广东水稻育种的遗传背景，提高广东省水稻抗病虫性研究和抗病虫育种水平以及种质研究利用水平具有重要意义。

Evaluation and Utilization of the Gerplasm Resources from International Network for Genetic Evaluation of Rice in Guangdong Province of China

6 nurseries of INGER (International network for genetic evaluation of rice) including IRBPHN, IRGMN, IRBN, IRBBN, IIRON and IRFAON were carried out in Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences of South China from 2001-2005. 1778 rice germplasm resources of INGER were tested. Numbers of germplasm with good agronomic characters were evaluated and selected for rice breeding. Nine new varieties used 4 gerplasm resources of INGER with good commercial qualities, high yields and resistance were passed the evaluation and made registration in Guangdong province and their plant area was up to 250000ha. These varieties made a great economic contribution and ecological effective in rice yield and management of brown plant hopper, rice blast and rice bacterial in the province. About 200 resistant gerplasm of rice were restored in the Plant Protection Research Institute and about 5000 gerplasm of rice were stored in the rice gerplasm store of the Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The gerplasm of rice from INGER in Guangdong take an important contribution in raising the level of studies on resistance to insect pest and disease, rice breeding and gerplasm utilization.