不同生态品种群桃果实糖酸及其组分含量分析

以涵盖我国6个生态品种群的118份桃地方品种为试验材料,对其糖酸组分进行全面分析,以明确不同桃区果实糖酸组分分布特性,为优异糖酸种质筛选提供依据。应用斐林试剂测定果实可溶性糖含量;应用Na OH测定果实可滴定酸含量;应用高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术测定果实糖组分,离子色谱技术测定果实酸组分。结果表明:西北高旱桃区的品种,主要以可滴定酸、柠檬酸、苹果酸、总酸表现出较高的分布水平,蔗糖、总糖、糖酸比、固酸比表现出较低的分布水平;华北平原及长江流域桃区的品种,主要以糖酸比、固酸比表现出较高的分布水平,可滴定酸、柠檬酸、苹果酸、总酸表现出较低的分布水平;云贵高原桃区的品种,主要以可溶性糖、蔗糖、总糖表现出较高的分布水平,糖酸比、固酸比表现出较低的分布水平;华南亚热带桃区的品种,主要以蔗糖、总糖、糖酸比、固酸比表现出较高的分布水平,可滴定酸、柠檬酸、苹果酸表现出较低的分布水平;东北高寒桃区的品种,主要以果糖表现出较高的分布水平,糖酸比、固酸比表现出较低的分布水平。6个生态品种群的品种,果糖所占比例以长江流域桃区最高,葡萄糖以西北高旱桃区最高,山梨醇以华南亚热带桃区最高,而东北高寒桃区最低,蔗糖所占比例在不同生态区无明显差别。柠檬酸所占比例以长江流域桃区最高,而华南亚热带桃区最低,奎宁酸所占比例以华南亚热带桃区最高,琥珀酸、苹果酸所占比例在不同生态品种群间无明显差异。

Analysis of sugars and acid contents and its compositions in different ecological peach cultivar groups

Studies were conducted on the distributions of sugar and acids contents of 118 peach accessions,which covered six cultivar groups in China,for providing reliable evidences of high quality peach breeding selection.In this study soluble sugar was detected by fehling reagent.Titratable acidity was detected by NaOH.Sugar compositions were detected using the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method,and acid compositions were detected using ion chromatography.The results showed that cultivars derived from Northwest China high droughty peach region contain high value of acid compositions(citrale,malate),titratable acidity,total acid,with low value of sugar compositions (sucrose),total sugar,SS/TA,SSC/TA.Cultivars derived from North China plain peach region,Changjiang River Basin region contain high value of SS/TA,SSC/TA,with low value of acid compositions (citrale,malate),titratable acidity,total acid.Cultivars derived from Yunnan-Guizhou plateau peach region contain high value of soluble sugar,sucrose,total sugar,with low value of SS/TA,SSC/TA.Cultivars derived from Southern China subtropical peach region contain high value of sucrose,total sugar,SS/TA,SSC/TA,with low value of titratable acidity,citrale,malate.Cultivars derived from Northeast China high cold peach region contain high value of fructose,with low value of SS/TA,SSC/TA.For sugar compositions in different cultivars,ratio of'fructose to total sugar'is highest in Changjiang River Region cultivars,the level of'glucose to total sugar'is high in Northwest China cultivars.The ratio of'sorbitol to total sugar'is highest in Southern China cultivars,but lowest in Northest China cultivars.Ratio of'sucrose to total sugar'have no significant difference in six ecological cultivar groups.For the analysis of acid compositions,Changjiang River Region cultivars have high level of citrale,but cultivars of Southern China have a lower level with highest level of quinate.The ratios of succinic and malate acids have no significant difference in six ecological cultivar groups.