海南油茶主要形态和经济性状及聚类分析

对海南澄迈等6个主要油茶分布县10个乡镇油茶资源主要形态和经济性状进行调查测定,比较其与高州油茶和普通油茶的差异,并进行聚类分析。结果表明:海南油茶种质资源在形态、茶油脂肪酸组成等方面具有多样性,海南油茶树体、花、果实以及叶片均小于高州油茶;海南油茶鲜出子率在19.84%~36.21%之间,干出仁率在49.64%~64.22%之间,种仁含油率为44.56%~52.21%;海南油茶子油的不饱和脂肪酸为87.58%~89.68%,亚麻酸含量低,仅为普通油茶的0~88.7%,而饱和脂肪酸显著高于普通油茶。聚类分析表明海南油茶同高州油茶和普通油茶具有显著区别,除海南博鳌资源外,其他海南油茶被划分为一类。本研究为海南省油茶资源分类以及资源开发提供了参考资料。

Investigationand Cluster Analysis of Main Morphological and Economical Characters for Oiltea Resource in Hainan

Main morphological and economical characters of 12 oiltea resource was investigated and cluster analyzed, Results showed that morphology and oil compositon of oiltea in Hainan are the most diverse and tree body, the size flower, fruit and leaf was less than that of C. gauchowensis. Fresh seed rate were between 19.84-36.21% while the dry kernel rate was 49.64-64.22%, and oil content of kernel was 44.56%-52.21%. Content of unsaturated fatty acids of oil tea in Hainan was 87.58-89.68% and linolenic acid content of only 0-88.7% of the C.oleifera, while content of saturated fatty acids were significantly higher than that. Cluster analysis showed that C.oleifera of Hainan had significant difference with C.oleifera from mainland and C. gauchowensis. In addition to the resources of Boao in Hainan, the other Hainan was classified into 1 class. This study provides theoretical and technical foundation for further classification of Hainan tea and resource utilization.