论我国棉花育种的基础种质

自1918年我国引进美国脱字棉开始,到2000年止,我国共育成陆地棉品种1376个,海岛棉品种59个.按系谱及优良种质衍生品种的数量分析,我国品种可追溯到54个基础种质,其中海岛棉7个.按照引进时间和育成年限,可将陆地棉分三期基础种质,海岛棉分为二期基础种质.近百年来,这些基础种质对我国棉花育种和生产发展起了非常重要的作用.

Basic Germplasm for Cotton Breeding in China

A total of 1376 Upland cotton( Gossypium hirsutum )varieties and 59 Island cotton ( Gossypium barbadense ) varieties had been bred until 2000 in China since the Trice cotton was introduced to China from America in 1918. According to the derived variety numbers for each elite line and pedigree analysis, these varieties can date back to 54 basic germplasm lines including 7 Sea Island cotton varieties. These basic Upland cotton germplasm can be divided into three types while the Sea Island cotton can be divided into two types based on the date of germplasm introduction or the period of germplasm breeding. In the 20th century, these basic germplasm have played very important role in cotton breeding and production in China.