鸭茅种质资源遗传多样性的SRAP研究

利用SRAP(Sequence-related amplified polymorphism)标记对来自国内外的45份鸭茅（Dactylis glomerata L.）种质资源进行遗传多样性研究。21对引物扩增出438个条带，多态性条带为363条，多态性条带比率为82.08%，每对引物组合的多态性带数平均为17.29条。GS值范围在0.6248-0.9686间，平均GS值为0.7958，显示来源广泛的鸭茅种质资源间存在着丰富的遗传变异。聚类分析及主成分分析能将所有材料聚为4类，能较准确的反映材料的来源分布情况及供试材料的染色体倍性差异，表明鸭茅的遗传多样性与染色体倍性及地理分布密切相关。同时清楚的揭示出国产鸭茅品种遗传基础较为狭窄。本研究为育种和探讨鸭茅种质资源遗传变异奠定了较好的理论基础。

SRAP Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Relationships in Orchardgrass

The genetic diversity and Relationships among 45 orchardgrass accessions was tested by SRAP. Twenty-one primer combinations were used and 438 bands were produced in SRAP, of which 363(82.08%) were polymorphic. The coefficient range of genetic similarity was 0.6248-0.966 with 0.7958 on average, which showed rich genetic diversity of orchardgrass germplasm, too. 45 accessions could be divided into 4 main groups by cluster and principal component analysis, which not only revealed the geographical distribution of accessions but also reflected the difference of karyotype. The result suggested that the genetic diversity of orchardgrass were correlative with karyotype and geographical distribution of accessions. In addition, the narrow genetic basic of Chinese orchardgrass cultivars were found. Overall, it is efficient to breed more excellent orchardgrass and release the genetic variation among accessions by this research.