28份人工合成小麦对禾谷孢囊线虫、纹枯病、条锈病和叶锈病的抗性

为了发现具有兼抗多种病害的小麦种质，本研究采用田间病圃法和人工接种法，对28份人工合成小麦的禾谷孢囊线虫、纹枯病、条锈病和叶锈病进行了抗性鉴定。人工合成小麦对这些病害表现不同程度的抗性反应。C2和C20对鉴定的4种病害都具有抗性，C5、C10和C25对这些病害都表现感病。8份材料对Heterodera avenae和H. filipjevi两种病原线虫都表现抗性反应型，也有的材料只抗一种线虫。供试材料对纹枯病的抗性表现较好，其中19份材料表现抗性反应型。9份材料对接种的条锈菌小种CY30、CY31、CY32和CY33均表现抗性反应型，5份材料对叶锈菌小种THT和PHT都具抗性。

Reactions of synthetic wheat to cereal cyst nematode, sharp eyespot, stripe rust, and leaf rust

This study was carried out to identify germplasms with multiple disease resistance for wheat improvement. Using field and artificial inoculation tests, reactions of 28 synthetic wheat accessions from CIMMYT to cereal cyst nematodes (Heterodera avenae and H. filipjevi), sharp eyespot (caused by Rhizoctonia cerealis), stripe rust and leaf rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis and P. recondita, respectively) were determined. Various levels of resistance were observed in reaction to these pathogens. Lines C2 and C20 were resistant but lines C5, C10, and C25 were susceptible to all the four diseases tested. Eight lines displayed resistant reaction to both species of Heterodera. However, some lines were only resistant to either H. avenae or H. filipjevi. The synthetic wheats tested exhibited good resistance to sharp eyespot, and 19 lines showed resistant reaction. Nine lines were resistant to P. striiformis races CY30, CY31, CY32, and CY33, and 5 lines were resistant to both P. triticina races of THT and PHT.