抗除草剂杂交籼稻亲本的配合力分析

本试验以6份新育成的抗除草剂籼型恢复系为父本,5份生产上广泛应用的不育系为母本,采用不完全双列杂交设计配制了30份杂交组合,对其苗期除草剂抗性和主要农艺性状配合力进行了分析。除草剂抗性鉴定表明,亲本恢复系及三系杂交组合抗性接近完全,两系杂交组合抗性达90%以上。配合力分析表明,不育系除单株有效穗数外其他农艺性状的一般配合力均达到极显著差异;恢复系间一般配合力在所有性状中均达到显著或极显著差异;杂交组合间特殊配合力方差仅在单株产量、结实率、播始历期和千粒重4个性状中达到显著或极显著差异。不育系中,金科1A在单株产量、结实率等7个性状上的一般配合力均为最高,但其特殊配合力方差最小;广占63-4S在千粒重性状上具有最高的一般配合力、最大的特殊配合力方差,在播始历期上具有最高的一般配合力负效应;C815S在株高上的一般配合力负效应最大,同时特殊配合力方差较高。恢复系中,华抗恢101在单株有效穗数上具有最高的一般配合力和特殊配合力方差;华抗恢104在穗长上具有最高的一般配合力,在播始历期上具有最高的一般配合力负效应;华抗恢105在单株产量、结实率等性状上具有最高的一般配合力,在株高上具有最高的一般配合力负效应;华抗恢106在千粒重性状上具有最高的一般配合力和特殊配合力效应方差。利用抗除草剂恢复系配制杂交组合,不仅可以改良其除草剂抗性,也可以通过广泛测配,选择一般配合力强、特殊配合力方差大的亲本配组育成强优势组合。

Combining Ability Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits of Herbicide-resistant indica Hybrids

Thirty hybrids were mated by NCⅡ with 6 herbicide-resistant indica restorer lines as male and 5 popular sterile lines as female.The herbicide resistance of seedling and combining ability of main agronomic traits were analyzed in all these materials.The restorer lines and three-line hybrids showed completely resistant to herbicide,while two-line hybrids displayed over 90% resistant level.The significant difference of GCA(general combination ability) between female parents for all traits but PN(panicle number per plant),whereas between male parents for all traits were detected.The SCA(specific combining ability) of hybrids reached significant difference for YP(yield per plant),SSR(seed setting ratio),KGW(1000-grain weight) and DS(days from sowing to heading).Among the sterile lines,Jinke 1A had the highest GCA effect in traits such as YP,SSR and so on but the lowest VSCA(Variance of SCA);Guangzhan 63-4S showed the highest GCA and VSCA of KGW,most negative effect of GCA in DS;C815S showed the most negative effect of GCA and higher VSCA in PH(plant height).Among the restorer lines,Huakanghui 101 had the highest GCA and VSCA in PN;Huakanghui 104 had the highest GCA in PL(panicle length),the highest negative effect in DS;Huakanghui 105 had the highest GCA in YP,SSR and so on,and negative GCA effect in PH;Huakanghui 106 had the highest GCA and VSCA in KGW.Taken together,it is feasible to obtain herbicide-resistant hybrids with strong heterosis using herbicide-resistant restorer lines as male through comprehensive mating of parents with high GCA and VSCA.